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Statement of Work (SOW)

Also known as: SOW, scope of work

A statement of work (SOW) is a document that defines exactly what a project will deliver: its scope, deliverables, timeline, and terms.

Key takeaways
  • An SOW defines exactly what a project will deliver: scope, deliverables, timeline, and terms.
  • It turns a vague agreement into a shared understanding and gives a project a clear finish line.
  • It is the main defence against scope creep.

An SOW is what turns a vague agreement into a shared understanding. By writing down precisely what is and is not included, what will be delivered, and by when, it protects both sides and gives a project a clear finish line.

A tight SOW is also the main defence against scope creep. If a change is not in the scope, everyone can see it and decide deliberately whether to add it.

Commonly confused with

Scope creep

A clear SOW is what makes scope creep visible and controllable.

Retainer

An SOW scopes a defined project; a retainer is an ongoing time-based arrangement.

Frequently asked

What does an SOW include?
Typically the scope, specific deliverables, timeline, responsibilities, and commercial terms, everything needed to agree what is and is not included.
What is the difference between an SOW and a contract?
A contract sets the overall legal relationship. An SOW sits under it and defines a specific piece of work.
Related terms
RetainerScope CreepDelivery Model

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